The answer to 'types of shut-off valve' is that there are several common types of shut-off valves used in plumbing systems. The most common are ball valves, gate valves, and globe valves. Ball valves have a spherical ball with a hole that can be rotated to open or close the valve. Gate valves have a flat gate that slides up and down to control the flow. Globe valves have a rounded disc that presses against a seat to restrict flow.
These valves are typically installed to allow the water supply to be turned off for maintenance, repairs, or emergencies. They are commonly found under sinks, behind toilets, and on water heaters and major appliances. Knowing where your shut-off valves are located and how to operate them can be very helpful in preventing water damage in your home.