The answer to 'how does central air work' is that a central air conditioning system uses refrigerant to cool and dehumidify the air in your home. It consists of an outdoor compressor unit that circulates refrigerant through the system, an indoor air handler that blows cool air through ductwork, and a thermostat to control the temperature. When you set the thermostat, the system automatically turns on and off to maintain the desired temperature in your home.
The compressor unit outside takes in warm air from your home, uses refrigerant to remove the heat, and then blows the cooled air back into your home through the ductwork. This cycle continues until your home reaches the temperature you've set on the thermostat. Central air also helps reduce humidity levels in your home for greater comfort.